Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring: Global Perspectives and Challenges

Abstract

Pharmacovigilance (PV) is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) or any other drug-related problems. Effective ADR monitoring is crucial for ensuring drug safety and efficacy. This article reviews the global practices and challenges in pharmacovigilance, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan and China. It highlights the importance of ADR reporting systems, the role of healthcare professionals in PV, and the need for regulatory frameworks to improve ADR monitoring. Despite advancements in technology and reporting mechanisms, challenges such as underreporting, inadequate data analysis, and lack of trained personnel persist. A collaborative international approach is recommended to enhance the effectiveness of pharmacovigilance activities.